比美国大选更重要的事情出现，这个大国终于决定不再忍！
[The title in its entirety translates to: Even bigger news than the American election: this Great Nation has finally decided to not take it anymore! ]
Original source: https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/xe5StnhcvnGS47-O-Yd_nQ
Author: 智谷君
[ Advert for a financial news channel. ]
绝大多数人都没有想到，文明的冲突居然不是在中国与美国之间率先被引爆的。
The vast majority of people probably did not suspect that the clash between cultures would not start with a conflict between China and America.
是在法国！
It starts in France!
更糟糕的情况是，它很快就会蔓延到欧洲与伊斯兰世界。
What makes this situation particularly unfortunate, is that it might spread to all of Europe and the Islamic world.
2020年的幺蛾子已经够多了，没想到经历中美迎头对撞、新冠疫情、全球经济暴跌还不够，一年临了还要再添上最火爆的文明冲突事件。
One would think that 2020 had offered enough nasty surprises for us so far, including the head-on collision between China and America, the novel corona virus and a global economic catastrophe, but now we can add the fiercest of conflicts between cultures on top of that.
10月17日，法国发生了一件惨无人道的谋杀事件。
On the 17th of October, an inhuman murder occurred in France.
之后，法国总统马克龙直接将其定性为“伊斯兰恐怖袭击”，并表示要“打击伊斯兰分裂主义。”
After, president Macron of France immediately called the incident “Islamic terrorism” and stated that he intended to “launch an attack on Islamic separatism”.
让人想象不到的是，一场抵制法国货的运动短短十几天就在西亚、北非十多个国家开始蔓延，而且愈演愈烈。
What seemed unimaginable is that now a movement to boycott French goods has, over the span of a few short days, spread across countries in west Asia and north Africa, and it still grows bigger.
一直希望成为世界伊斯兰世界中心的土耳其迫不及待的跳了出来，土耳其总理埃尔多安对马克龙发起了人身攻击，质疑马克龙心理不健康，建议他看医生。
Turkey, which always has aspired to become the center of the Islamic world has jumped on this opportunity. Premier Erdogan launched personal insults at Macron by saying that he must be mentally ill, and should see a doctor.
虽然欧洲内部仍有不同的声音，但政界这一次大多坚定地站在马克龙一边。Even though there are still various reactions inside Europe, the majority of political leaders have chosen to resolutely support Macron.
这才是大事件，它的影响力甚至超过了一周后的美国大选。
This is a hugely important event, and its effects will surpass even those of the American election next week.
[Trend 1]
向宗教极端分子“宣战”，欧洲其实只是需要一个正当的理由。
Actually, Europe just needed a good reason to “declare war” on religious extremists.
46岁的历史老师萨米埃尔·帕蒂被残忍杀害，就是这个理由。虽然它没能激怒整个法国，但已经足够了。
The brutal killing of the 46-year old teacher Samuel Paty is exactly that reason. Even if it did not provoke all of France, it was still enough.
10月21日，法国为普通的历史老师举行了国葬，追授其法国最高平民勋章——“荣誉军团勋章”。马克龙在致辞中称其为“法兰西的面孔”。与此同时，法国全国都举行了悼念活动。
On the 21st of October, France honored this ordinary teacher with a national funeral. He was also granted France’s highest civilian award – the Légion d’Honneur. In a speech, Macron called him “the face of France”. At the same time, memorials were held all over France.
这种不同寻常的规格，彰显的是法兰西举国上下不同寻常的政治姿态——一味包容的时代结束了，法兰西要找回自己的传统与价值。
These unusual responses highlight the different political attitudes in France – they mean that the era of tolerance is over, and that France must find back to its own traditions and values.
帕蒂为什么会获得如此殊荣？因为对这个普通人犯的罪，挑战了法兰西最珍视的原则。
Why did Paty receive these extraordinary honors? Because the crime committed against this ordinary man has challenged France’s most central principles.
给帕蒂招来杀身之祸的是公民教育课的言论自由单元，主要涉及历史和传统。
What caused the murder on Paty was the public school curriculum on freedom of speech, which mostly covers history and traditions.
帕蒂选择以《查理周刊》遇袭事件切入，他要展示一副当年曾引起巨大争议的漫画，不过为了照顾不同信仰的学生的感受，他在开始前先向学生介绍了这个单元的性质，允许那些可能感觉被冒犯的学生可以不用听这一堂课。
Paty chose to include the attack on Charlie Hebdo in the lecture, and to show an image which was relevant to that incident. However, in order to accommodate the feelings of students from different faiths, he explained the nature of the lecture first, and allowed those students who might feel offended to skip the lecture.
一位13岁的女生没有听这堂课，但她回家后向她的家人讲了一个她想象的故事。
One 13 year old student chose to skip the lecture, but after returning home, she told her parents a story from her imagination.
愤怒的家长于是在网上发起了一场声讨运动。
The furious father [Trans. note: The word used here usually translates to ‘parents’ but does have a masculine tone.] then started encouraging people to condemn the incident online.
然后，在帕蒂讲完那堂课的10天后，他死了，死在放学回家的路上。
After ten days had passed since Paty gave that lecture, he died, on his way back home from the school.
凶手是18岁的安佐洛夫，他是车臣人，2001年出生在莫斯科，6岁时来到法国。在俄罗斯时，他和家人颠沛流离，在法国，他重新开始了生活。
The murderer was 18 year old Anzolov, a Chechen, born 2001 in Moscow, who arrived to France at the age of six. He and his family were rootless in Russia, and in France he had begun a new life.
然而，正是这样的人，他没有听过帕蒂先生的课，他不知道那天发生了什么，只是看了网上的各种想象和谩骂，然后就犯了罪。
This person had never attended one of Paty’s lectures, nor had he any idea what happened that day. He had only read fabrications and abuse online, before he committed the crime.
警察击毙了拒捕的安佐洛夫。
Police officers shot Anzolov when he refused arrest.
此后，法国警方罕见地抓捕了包括凶手的父亲、祖父和兄弟，13岁女孩的父母在内的11人，其中还有4名为凶手提供帮助的学生。
In a surprising move, French police then arrested the culprit’s father, grandfather and brothers, the 13 year old girl’s parents and others – all in all 11 individuals. Among them were also four students who had aided the culprit.
法国警方发起了一连串打击极端主义的行动，同时下令关闭巴黎郊外庞坦清真寺6个月。
French police launched a series of actions against extremism, and also ordered the mosque in Pantin to close for 6 months.
这件谋杀案将会成为一件里程碑式的历史记忆。
This murder will become a landmark in history.
法国是欧洲最强调多元、包容主义的国家，有时候甚至包容到了不讲原则的地步。现在，法国觉得必须采取行动了。
France is the strongest champion of diversity and tolerance in Europe, and is sometimes so eager to show its tolerance that it will ignore its own principles. Now, France thinks the time has come for action.
法国内政部长达尔马宁说，“我们不能再天真了，与激进分子不可能达成和解。”
French minister of the interior, mr. Darmanin said that “We can no longer be so naive, as to believe that we can reach peace with radicals.”
[Trend 2]
最重要的改变来自法国政界，来自马克龙。
The most important change has been with the politicians of France, with Macron himself.
马克龙这几天说的很多话，放在以往任何时候，都会被普遍视为政治“不正确”。哪怕是在他本人出任总统之前，他恐怕也绝不会让自己公开说出这些话。
In the last few days, Macron has said many things that once would have been seen as “politically incorrect”. Some are things that he, before he became president, stated that he would never say in public. [Trans. note: It seems the author means that Macron always held “politically incorrect” views in private.]
5年前，当他还是经济部长时，面对法国遭受的一系列恐怖袭击，马克龙当年的说法是，正是法国人的歧视和封闭为恐怖主义创造了温床。
Five years ago, when Macron was the minister of economy, France also suffered a series of terror attacks. Back then, he said that it was France’s prejudice and lack of openness [Trans. note: original says “closed-ness.”] which had created an opportunity for terrorism to grow.
但这一次，马克龙尝试将宗教与极端主义区分开。
But this time, Macron attempts to separate religion and extremism.
这也许是欧洲的政治领导人第一次这么做。
This is probably the first time a European politician has done so.
他说，那个宗教在“全球各地都陷入危机”，这些宗教极端分子想篡夺法国的未来，法国绝不能屈服。
He said that that religion is “in a global crisis”, that religious extremists are trying to seize the future of France, and that France never must yield.
连日来，法国各地举行集会游行，要求捍卫法国的价值观。因为，发生在身边的野蛮的“斩首”，让他们认识到了，这是决定法国前途以及法国人命运的选择，法国已经没有退路。
Over several days, demonstrations demanding that the values of France be protected were held across the country. This is because the brutal “beheading” was uncomfortably close, and because they [Trans. note: Probably referring to the people of France.] have realized that this is a choice that will decide the future of France and the fate of the people, and that it is no longer possible for France to retreat.
还记得这张图吧？
You still remember this picture, right?
[Image of a crowd filled with concerned and horrified faces. Two young men with gloating expressions are circled in red.]
2019年4月14日，巴黎圣母院大火，法国人如丧考妣，但也有人欢欣鼓舞。
On October 14th, 2019, to the horror of all French, Notre Dame caught fire. But there were also some who celebrated.
不认同法兰西的文化，法国人忍了。
They did not accept French culture, and France put up with it.
过去5年，极端分子在法国发起的袭击，共导致250多人失去生命。
In the last five years, attacks by extremists in France has caused the deaths of more than 250 people.
2015年2月，《查理周刊》和超市袭击事件中有17人丧生；
In February 2015, 17 people perished in the attacks on Charlie Hebdo and a supermarket.
2015年11月13日，巴黎袭击事件，造成130人死亡；
On the 13th of November 2015, 130 people perished in the Paris attack.
……
[Trans. note: The author indicates that the list goes on and on.]
让数百国民失去性命，法国人也忍了。
Hundreds of citizens lost their lives, but the people of France put up with it.
但这一次，一个教师被谋杀，数量上绝不能和之前的袭击相比，但用两百年前最愚昧、最血腥的方式来刺激法国人关于文明与野蛮的神经，法国人不能忍了。
This time a teacher was murdered, and the numbers can not compare to previous incidents. But when the most ignorant, bloodiest method from two hundred years ago is used to provoke French people’s nerves about civilization and barbarism, then the French will not put up with it anymore. [Trans. note: A native speaker confirmed that this sentence is strange in Mandarin, too.]
因为，教育代表着法兰西共和原则和传统的传播，而极端主义正在用一场意识形态的战争，来对抗这种传播。
Because, education represents the principle of the French republic and the continuation [Trans. note: Literally “dissemination”.] of tradition, and extremism is using an ideological war to defy this continuation.
那位凶手在行凶之前曾在总统网站上给马克龙留言说：马克龙，你这个异教徒的领袖，我处决了你的一条地狱犬……奉劝你让像他一样的法国人冷静下来，否则我们将对你进行严厉的惩罚。
Before the culprit carried out the attack, he left the following message for Macron on the president’s website: “Macron, leader of false believers, I have put down one of your hellhounds… I advise you to calm down the French people that are like him, or else we will hand down the harshest punishment on you.”
法国已经被视作战场。这就是最正当的理由。
France is already regarded as a battlefield. This is the best reason of all.
[Trend 3]
欧洲最近十多年大量接受来自中东、北非战乱地区，经济失败地区的难民。
Over the last fifteen or so years, Europe has been receiving large quantities of refugees from war-torn and impoverished areas in the middle east and north Africa.
法国是欧洲穆斯林人口最多的国家，超过500万。
France has the largest muslim population of all countries in Europe, more than 5 million people.
根据欧洲的一项人口研究，预计到2050年，穆斯林在法国人口中的占比将会达到12.7%。
According to a demographic study from Europe, muslims will make up 12.7% of France’s population by 2050.
[Map of Europe with the mentioned 2050 numbers for all countries in Europe. Except for France, only Bulgaria has a percentage higher than 12.]
虽然，他们大多数奉公守法，但随着人数的快速增加，即使温和的人也开始希望能有超越法国法律之上的宗教特权。
Nevertheless, the great majority of them abide by the law, but following an accelerating growth in numbers, even non-radical people will start to want to surpass the privileges afforded to religion by French law.
这和法国推崇的严格的世俗主义格格不入。
This is incompatible with secularism, which is so highly prized in France.
法国的世俗主义是和天主教经过长期、残酷的斗争之后赢得的。这个传统的最突出表现就是，亵渎神明在法国是一项能够得到法律承认的个人权利。
French secularism came out on top of Catholicism after a prolonged, bitter battle. The most prominent aspect of this tradition is that blasphemy is recognized as a personal right under French law.
也正因为如此，作为对被害教师的悼念，法国很多城市选择的悼念方式就是把激怒罪犯的漫画投射到市政大楼上，让更多人看到。
It is exactly because of this reason that many cities in France, to mourn the victim, have decided to project the very image that enraged the criminal on large city buildings, and let even more people see it.
进入21世纪法国事实上已经采取了多次针对性的行动，比如2004年禁止公立学校使用明显的宗教标志，包括面纱；2010年禁止在所有公共场所使用全覆盖式面纱。
Since the beginning of the 21st century, France has already undertaken several targeted interventions. For example, in 2004 wearing religious symbols in public schools was forbidden, including veils, and in 2010 wearing full-body veils in all public spaces was forbidden.
现在马克龙不仅仅是要把100多名极端分子驱逐出境，他提出要通过新的法律来捍卫法兰西的世俗主义，比如更严厉审查新建的宗教场所、境外培训资助的神职人员，严禁三岁以后的儿童在家接受教育等等。
Now Macron not only wants to expel more than a hundred extremists, but also write new laws to protect the secularism of France. These laws would include strict inspections of all new religious sites and clergy educated abroad, in addition to forbidding the home-schooling of children over the age of three and many more things.
但马克龙想做到这一切也并不容易。
But it will not be easy to achieve the things that Macron wants to do.
法国境内众多的左翼圣母婊就对马克龙提出了严厉的谴责。更为重要的是，马克龙也许没有意识到他的表态捅了国际关系的一个大马蜂窝，激起了基督教与伊斯兰教之间蔓延千年的历史纠葛，甚至可能把整个欧洲拖下水。
Crowds of left-wing pussies [Trans. note: Literally “left-wing virgin mother bitches”. The language courses I took in Beijing did not include this in the glossary…] in France have already strongly condemned Macron. More importantly, Macron might not have realized yet that, with his new assertions, he is poking one of the biggest hornet’s nests in international relations. He will inflame the thousand year old entanglement between Christianity and Islam, and possibly even drag all of Europe into the water with him. [Trans. note: The meaning of this expression is hopefully clear in English.]
[Trend 4]
法国价值的正本清源之战，已经引发了中东一众国家的复杂情绪。
The war over French values [Trans. note: Literally “the war over thoroughly reforming French values”] has already created a lot of conflicted feelings in some middle eastern countries.
对于斩首事件，很多国家最初也是纷纷谴责的，但是一看马克龙要来真的，对错立马让位于信仰，反法浪潮开始席卷西亚北非。
Concerning the beheading, many countries started out by expressing their condemnation, but once Macron spoke out and placed the blame on faith, an anti-French wave swept across west Asia and north Africa.
最传统的戏码无非就是焚烧马克龙的照片，抵制法国货，拒绝去法国旅游等等。
The regular drama unfolded, including the burning of Macron’s photo, a boycott of French goods, swearing never to visit France et cetera.
土耳其当然不会错过这种为伊斯兰世界代言的机会，埃尔多安跳得最凶，以至于法国宣布召回驻土耳其大使，变相降低了两国外交关系。
Turkey would naturally not pass up this opportunity to represent the Islamic world, and Erdogan went so far in his attacks that the French ambassador to Turkey was recalled, and the relation between the two countries reached a new low.
不过，这不仅仅是法国的“斗争”，整个欧洲都面临着和法国相似的问题。只要看看前面那张特定宗教人口分布图，就知道哪些国家在头痛。
However, this is not only France’s “struggle”. All of Europe is facing the same problems as France. Just take a second look at the map of religion and demography, and you will understand which countries are currently experiencing a headache.
对于快速扩张的“那个宗教”，德国是欧洲最早提出要搞“自传自办”的国家，现在法国也在有意推进，目的就是要让那个宗教更加世俗化。
Concerning the accelerating spread of “that religion”, Germany was the first European country to express an interest in “writing it’s own biography”, [Trans. note: It is unclear what this refers to.] and now France also has expressed an interest in doing the same. The goal would be to make that religion more secular.
以前所有国家都顾忌政治正确，没人愿意公开挑明，现在法国站了出来，那么欧洲将一定会支持法国，并效仿法国采取相对勇敢的行动。
Before, all countries were concerned with staying politically correct, and no one dared open up publicly. Now France stands out, and Europe will certainly support France and imitate the courageous actions which France has undertaken.
对于法国被中东北非部分国家围攻，欧盟委员会主席冯德莱恩表态，“欧盟与法国站在一起，支持马克龙维护民主与自由”。
If some countries in the middle east and north Africa gang up on France, the President of the European Commission von der Leyen has stated that “the European union will stand with France and help Macron to defend democracy and freedom”.
而面对埃尔多安的挑衅，默克尔也是第一时间表示支持马克龙。
And faced with Erdogan’s provocation, Merkel also soon expressed support for Macron.
[Screenshot from AFP news article with the title “Markel condemns ‘defamatory’ Erdogan criticism of Macron: spokesman”.]
一起谋杀案，正演变成两个文明的对弈。
What started as a murder plot is now developing into a strategic match between two cultures.
全球经济衰退、疫情的蔓延，加速了所有矛盾的大爆发。21世纪的第二个十年，几乎所有国际关系学者都在说，文明的冲突将会酝酿前途未知的危机。从历史经验中，我们早已知道，文明冲突大爆发往往是最惨烈的。
A global economy is in recession and a spreading disease has accelerated all conflicts. As we approach the second decade of the 21st century, almost all experts on international relations are talking about how a battle between cultures, the scale of which has never been seen before, is brewing. Based on historical experience we can clearly see that battles between cultures often become extremely fierce.
2018年当中美贸易战爆发时，人们曾忧心忡忡，以为这就是开始，然而，现在我们知道了，新的文明冲突的策源地可能不在太平洋，而在地中海。
People anxiously watched as the trade conflict between China and America began in 2018. It seemed to be the beginning, but now we know that the location for the next battle between cultures might not be in the Pacific Ocean, but rather in the Mediterranean.
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